Gandhamardan Hill: Odisha's Ancient Herbal Pharmacy at a Crossroads
In the heart of Odisha, Gandhamardan Hill stands as a living legend, revered not only for its mythological ties to Hanuman and the epic tale of the 'Sanjeevani' herb but also as a real-world treasure trove of biodiversity. This sacred landscape, often called the 'Sanjeevani Mountain,' is home to an astonishing array of 2,200 to 2,500 species of medicinal plants, serving as a natural pharmacy for local communities for centuries.
A Rich Legacy Under Threat
For generations, indigenous populations have relied on these herbs for traditional healing practices, tapping into the hill's ecological wealth. However, this ancient resource is now facing modern pressures. With the global herbal market experiencing rapid growth, estimated to be worth billions annually, there is increasing interest in commercializing these plants. The Odisha State Medicinal Plant Board (SMPB) has stepped in with a dual-focused strategy: to conserve this unique biodiversity while exploring sustainable economic opportunities.
The SMPB's initiative aims to protect the hill from the dangers of overharvesting, which poses a significant threat to its delicate ecosystem. Unsustainable practices could lead to the depletion of rare species, disrupting both local livelihoods and the ecological balance. By implementing regulated harvesting protocols and promoting cultivation techniques, the board seeks to ensure that Gandhamardan's herbal riches are preserved for future generations.
Balancing Conservation and Commerce
The challenge lies in striking a careful balance. On one hand, commercializing these herbs could boost the local economy and provide wider access to natural remedies. On the other, it risks exploitation if not managed responsibly. The SMPB's plan includes:
- Conducting thorough biodiversity assessments to catalog and monitor plant species.
- Establishing community-based conservation programs to involve locals in protection efforts.
- Developing guidelines for ethical harvesting to prevent over-extraction.
- Exploring partnerships with research institutions to study and promote sustainable use.
This approach reflects a broader trend in India, where traditional knowledge is being integrated with modern conservation science to safeguard natural heritage. As Gandhamardan Hill opens up to the world, its story serves as a reminder of the need to harmonize economic development with environmental stewardship.
