The prospect of Bhagalpur's Ghatora Wetland earning the prestigious tag of a Ramsar Site has significantly improved following a series of recent visits and surveys. Located between Gouripur and Narayanpur in the Bihpur block of Naugachia sub-division, this vital ecosystem is now under active consideration for international recognition.
What Makes Ghatora Wetland Special?
Spanning an impressive 6-7 kilometers with an area of roughly 1,120 acres, Ghatora Wetland has transformed into a crucial seasonal home for birds. For nearly five months each year, it hosts a diverse array of avian visitors, including Siberian migratory birds and numerous resident species. Its ecological value has drawn comparisons to Odisha's famous Chilika Lake, earning it the nickname 'Mini Chilika Lake'.
Recent expeditions involving birdwatchers, the Asian Waterbird Census (AWC) teams, and senior forest department officials have bolstered its case. Bird specialist and AWC Bihar coordinator Deepak Kumar Jhunnu highlighted that the wetland meets international standards, with 65 to 70 different bird species documented so far.
A Biodiversity Hotspot for Migratory Birds
The wetland serves as a critical refuge for birds fleeing the harsh winters of Siberia, where temperatures can plummet to around -25°C. The list of species spotted is extensive and includes:
- Red Naped Ibis and Brahminy Starling
- Bar-headed Goose and Greylag Goose
- Northern Pintail, Gadwall, and Garganey
- Black Tailed Godwit and Pied Avocet
- Osprey and Hen Harrier
Notably, the survey recorded three species for the first time at this location: the Hen Harrier, Lesser Black Backed Gull, and Ruddy Breasted Crake. This discovery has generated considerable excitement among ornithologists and conservationists. Approximately 80% of the recorded birds are migratory, while the remaining 20% are resident species.
The Path to Ramsar Designation and Its Importance
The Ramsar Convention, established in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, identifies and protects wetlands of international importance, particularly those supporting waterfowl. Jhunnu explained that designation as a Ramsar Site symbolizes a commitment to preserving the ecological character of a wetland, which provides essential services like groundwater recharge, flood regulation, and climate control.
"Nominated wetlands gain national and international status," Jhunnu stated. He added that these sites form the world's largest network of protected areas, encompassing coastal, inland, natural, and human-made wetlands. Globally, there are nearly 2,500 Ramsar Sites, with India contributing 96, including Chilika Lake.
The final assessment for Ghatora's inclusion was conducted by a high-level team comprising the chief conservator of forest, the state nodal officer of AWC, birders, and nature conservationists. Their positive evaluation has brightened the wetland's chances of joining this elite global conservation list, promising enhanced protection and sustainable management for this Bihar gem.
