In a strategic political maneuver, the Bharatiya Janata Party's central leadership has successfully orchestrated the revocation of nearly one year of President's Rule in Manipur, reinstating a stable government. This move transcends mere numerical calculations, delving into the intricate fault lines of identity and trust that have long plagued the northeastern state.
The Delicate Political Balancing Act
The BJP executed a nuanced political balancing act by elevating Yumnam Khemchand Singh, a Meitei leader, to the position of chief minister. To ensure broad-based representation, the party paired him with Nemcha Kipgen, a Kuki representative from the BJP, and Losii Dikho, a Naga leader from the Naga People's Front, as deputy chief ministers. This carefully crafted leadership structure aims to address the diverse ethnic composition of Manipur.
Further strengthening the coalition, the government has inducted K Loken Singh from the National People's Party and BJP legislator Govindas Konthoujam. This inclusive approach demonstrates the party's commitment to creating a government that reflects Manipur's complex social fabric.
Crucial Timing Ahead of 2027 Elections
The timing of this political formation is particularly significant. With state elections due in 2027, the BJP could not afford another year of suspended animation under President's Rule. By establishing a government now, the party aims to project stability, reclaim political ground, and showcase its commitment to inclusivity before the electorate.
On paper, the coalition appears numerically strong with 37 BJP MLAs supported by allies including the Naga People's Front with 5 members, the National People's Party with 6, and one representative from the Janata Dal (United). However, political observers note that arithmetic alone cannot bridge Manipur's deep-seated ethnic divisions.
Navigating Historical Challenges
Manipur carries a heavy historical burden, holding the unfortunate record for the highest number of President's Rule impositions in India—11 times in just 58 years. Since its merger with India in 1949, the state has witnessed 12 chief ministers, underscoring its turbulent political journey marked by instability and frequent interventions.
Most previous instances of President's Rule in Manipur were triggered by breakdowns in law and order, government collapses due to defections, internal party conflicts, and allegations of corruption. This pattern has made Manipur synonymous with fragile governance and frequent interventions from the central government.
The Latest Crisis and Its Aftermath
The most recent spell of President's Rule was imposed on February 13, 2025, following the resignation of N Biren Singh's government. This came after conflicts that exposed the depth of ethnic fractures between Meiteis and Kukis, resulting in tragic consequences. Since May 2023, more than 260 people have been killed and thousands displaced in violence that has shaken the state's social fabric.
Central leaders Tarun Chugh and Sambit Patra worked diligently through back channels, bringing Meitei and Kuki MLAs together in New Delhi late last year. This signaled the BJP's seriousness about reconciliation and building bridges between the divided communities.
Challenges and Civil Society Concerns
Civil society bodies like the Kuki-Zo Council have openly opposed their MLAs joining any government, warning that representatives would be doing so "at their own risk." This highlights the delicate nature of the political settlement and the challenges facing the new administration.
Political observers note that this was not merely a tightrope walk but a test of survival for political stability in Manipur. The symbolic representation in the government must translate into genuine power-sharing and effective governance to address the state's pressing issues.
The Road Ahead: Critical Issues to Address
The new government faces several critical challenges that cannot be brushed aside. These include the rehabilitation of displaced families, the surrender of looted arms, and addressing demands for autonomy from various communities. If these issues are mishandled, the government risks being undermined from within, potentially leading to further instability.
The BJP's political balancing act in Manipur represents a significant attempt to navigate the complex ethnic landscape while preparing for the 2027 elections. The success of this initiative will depend on translating symbolic representation into tangible governance that addresses the root causes of conflict and builds lasting trust among all communities.
