A scratchy, painful throat often sends people into a panic, leading to a quick trip to the pharmacy for antibiotics. Many believe it's the fastest route to relief. However, a recent social media video by Dr Priyanka Sehrawat, General Physician and Neurologist at AIIMS Delhi, urges the public to reconsider this automatic response. Her evidence-based message highlights a critical medical truth and offers a simple, effective alternative.
The Viral Truth Behind Most Sore Throats
The overwhelming majority of sore throats are caused by viruses, not bacteria. Common illnesses like the seasonal flu and the common cold are viral in nature. Antibiotics are designed to fight bacterial infections and have zero effect on viruses. Therefore, taking them for a viral sore throat does not speed up recovery or alleviate pain. In the initial days, proper rest, adequate fluid intake, and local care are far more beneficial.
Despite this, the urge to take an antibiotic is strong. It often provides a false sense of control and action. As the body naturally heals from the viral infection, the antibiotic mistakenly gets the credit. This misconception has a dangerous hidden cost: antibiotic resistance. Every unnecessary dose trains bacteria in the body to survive future attacks from the same drug. Consequently, when a genuine bacterial infection occurs later, the standard antibiotic treatment may fail.
Gargling: A Targeted and Effective First Response
So, what should one do at the first sign of throat irritation? Dr Sehrawat strongly recommends gargling. Throat infections typically begin on the surface tissues of the throat. Gargling acts directly at the site of the problem. It helps by washing away mucus, reducing the local load of germs, and soothing irritation. This targeted action is why many healthcare professionals suggest gargling early on, before considering medicines that affect the entire body.
In her video, Dr Priyanka Sehrawat specifically advises using a povidone-iodine (commonly known as Betadine) gargle, properly diluted in water. The method is straightforward: mix a small, measured amount as per the instructions on the product label into a glass of water and gargle with the solution. This can be repeated several times a day for a few days, especially when symptoms first appear.
It is crucial to always follow the product's instructions and seek medical advice, particularly for children, pregnant individuals, or people with thyroid conditions.
Antibiotic Resistance: A Personal and Immediate Threat
Antibiotic resistance is often discussed as a global public health crisis, but its foundation is built at an individual level. Repeated and unnecessary use of antibiotics can make future infections—whether in the urinary tract, lungs, or skin—much harder and more complex to treat. Choosing to gargle first is a simple, daily decision that helps preserve the effectiveness of future treatments for oneself and the community.
This is not to say antibiotics are never needed. Certain throat infections, like those caused by streptococcal bacteria (strep throat), do require them. Warning signs that may indicate a bacterial infection include:
- High fever
- Visible pus on the tonsils
- Swollen and tender glands in the neck
- Symptoms that worsen after several days instead of improving
In such cases, a doctor's evaluation and appropriate tests are essential to guide correct treatment. Gargling serves as a supportive measure but does not replace necessary medical care when antibiotics are truly indicated.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
