Karnataka has officially commenced its crucial tiger census for the year 2024, a comprehensive exercise aimed at assessing the population of the majestic big cat across the state's vast forest ecosystems. The census was formally launched by the state's Forest Minister, Eshwar Khandre, marking the beginning of a meticulous data collection process that will span all forest ranges.
Minister Khandre Flags Off the Wildlife Survey
Forest, Ecology, and Environment Minister Eshwar Khandre inaugurated the census drive, emphasizing the state's commitment to scientific wildlife management and conservation. The launch signals the start of field operations where forest department personnel, biologists, and trained volunteers will fan out across diverse habitats.
The census is not limited to protected tiger reserves but extends to all forest ranges under the state's jurisdiction. This inclusive approach ensures a complete picture of tiger distribution, including animals that may reside in or disperse through territorial forests outside core reserve areas.
Methodology: Cameras, Field Signs, and Expert Analysis
The survey will employ a robust methodology combining modern technology and traditional field craft. A primary tool will be the extensive use of camera traps. These motion-sensitive cameras will be strategically placed across thousands of locations to capture images of tigers, which are individually identifiable by their unique stripe patterns.
In addition to photographic evidence, enumerators will diligently search for and record other tell-tale signs of tiger presence. This includes:
- Pugmarks (footprints): Tracking and measuring tracks to identify individuals and movement patterns.
- Scat (droppings): Collecting samples for genetic analysis to confirm identity and study diet.
- Scratch marks on trees and other evidence of territorial behavior.
The collected data, from both camera traps and field observations, will be compiled and analyzed by wildlife experts. This analysis is critical for producing an accurate estimate of the minimum number of tigers present in Karnataka's landscapes.
Focus on Major Tiger Habitats
While the census is state-wide, special attention will be paid to Karnataka's premier tiger habitats, which are strongholds for the species. These include renowned protected areas such as:
- Bandipur Tiger Reserve
- Nagarahole Tiger Reserve
- Bhadra Tiger Reserve
- Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve
The health of the tiger population in these reserves is a key indicator of the overall success of conservation efforts in the state and the country.
Building on a Legacy of Conservation Success
Karnataka has consistently ranked as one of the top states in India for tiger numbers. The previous all-India tiger estimation report released in 2023 placed Karnataka's tiger population at 563 animals, highlighting the state's pivotal role in the species' recovery. The current census will provide updated figures, revealing population trends, range expansion, and potential challenges.
The exercise holds immense significance for framing future conservation policies. Accurate population data helps in managing tiger-human interfaces, planning habitat corridors, evaluating prey base status, and allocating resources effectively for forest protection.
As the teams embark on their mission across the dense forests of the Western Ghats and other regions, the 2024 tiger census represents a vital step in ensuring the enduring roar of the tiger continues to resonate in Karnataka's wilderness for generations to come.
