Winged Guests Begin Homeward Journey from Chilika Lake
With the gradual rise in temperature, the migratory birds that flocked to Chilika Lake this winter have commenced their homeward journey. According to wildlife officials, around 50% of these avian visitors have already departed from the lagoon, marking the start of their annual exodus.
Timing and Patterns of Departure
Amlan Nayak, the Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) of Chilika wildlife division, stated that the departure process began in the second week of February. He emphasized that this timing is not earlier than usual, noting that last year the birds left around the same period. Despite the ongoing departure, several resident and migratory species continue to inhabit the lake, maintaining its vibrant ecosystem.
Day temperatures in the region have been hovering between 32°C and 35°C, creating conditions that prompt the winged visitors to head back to their native habitats. This temperature range serves as a natural signal for the birds to begin their long journey northward.
Migration Patterns and Behavioral Changes
Retired RCCF Sudhakar Mohapatra explained the migration cycle: "The migratory birds arrived in Chilika in the first week of October to escape the harsh winter in their native habitats and to forage for food. They return once temperatures start rising, following their natural instincts."
Interestingly, Mohapatra noted a behavioral shift observed in recent years: "Some migratory ducks have chosen to stay back permanently due to the abundant availability of food in Chilika. This adaptation suggests changing patterns in avian migration and habitat preference."
Global Origins and Population Statistics
Every winter, Chilika Lake welcomes avian visitors from diverse regions across the globe, including:
- Northern Eurasia
- The Caspian region
- Siberia
- Kazakhstan
- Lake Baikal
- Remote parts of Russia
These birds use the lagoon as a crucial stopover before heading back ahead of summer. The lake serves as a vital habitat that supports both migratory and resident bird populations throughout the year.
According to official sources, last winter witnessed an impressive avian population at Chilika. A total of 11,37,200 birds representing 187 species were recorded at the lagoon. This comprehensive count included:
- 10,98,813 birds of 108 migratory species
- 38,946 birds of 79 resident species
These numbers highlight Chilika's significance as a biodiversity hotspot and a critical habitat for avian species from across the continent. The annual migration represents one of nature's most remarkable phenomena, with birds traveling thousands of kilometers to find suitable habitats and food sources.
The departure of migratory birds marks the end of another successful winter season at Chilika Lake, while the remaining species continue to thrive in this unique ecosystem. Wildlife officials monitor these patterns closely to understand changing migration behaviors and ensure the conservation of this important wetland habitat.
