More than 7 million people die prematurely from tobacco use every year, and about 1.3 million are non-smokers dying from secondhand smoke exposure. Tobacco still affects one in five adults worldwide, totaling 1.2 billion people. It remains the leading cause of preventable death globally. These deaths are not from mystery illnesses but from a product people buy, light up, and inhale, often starting as teenagers. Addiction takes over, and those around them suffer unintended consequences.
Dr. Amit Chakraborty, Surgical Oncologist at Dr L H Hiranandani Hospital, Powai, shared insights on the harmful effects of tobacco consumption.
Early Warning Signs of Oral Cancer
Oral cancer cases are rising across the country, yet awareness remains low. Many tobacco users dismiss bleeding gums or recurring mouth ulcers as normal. However, symptoms such as mouth ulcers that do not heal within two weeks, bleeding gums, white or red patches inside the mouth, pain while chewing, lumps, swelling, loose teeth, difficulty speaking or swallowing, constant bad breath, and numbness in the mouth can indicate oral cancer. These symptoms require timely attention. Regular check-ups and follow-ups with a doctor are essential.
Distinguishing Regular Mouth Ulcers from Cancer Symptoms
Not every ulcer is a sign of oral cancer. A regular mouth ulcer heals within 3-4 days and is less painful. In contrast, an ulcer that lasts over two weeks, is painful, grows, bleeds easily, causes difficulty eating or speaking, and is accompanied by a lump or white/red patch may be cancerous. An expert should determine the appropriate treatment.
Bad Breath as a Warning Sign
Many tobacco users experience bad breath from smoking cigarettes, cigars, pipes, bidis, or waterpipes. Persistent bad breath despite brushing may indicate gum disease, infection, tooth damage, or early oral cancer. If accompanied by bleeding gums, ulcers, pain, or swelling, consult a doctor to uncover the underlying cause. Do not dismiss bad breath as trivial.
Oral Cancer in Young People
Previously, oral cancer was common in older tobacco users aged 50-75. However, over the past 5-7 years, a concerning trend has emerged: rising oral cancer in young smokers and vape users aged 25-45. Youngsters often smoke or vape at parties or as a coping mechanism for stress. Regular smoking, chewing tobacco, vaping, alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene increase the risk. Quitting tobacco is crucial to prevent oral cancer.
Survival and Recovery with Early Detection
Early-stage oral cancer treatment has a survival rate of 80-90%. Patients can recover and resume daily routines with ease. Reporting symptoms to a doctor without delay improves quality of life.
